Francisco Pareja

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Francisco Pareja est un missionnaire, un catéchiste, et un lexicographe originaire d'Espagne, issu d'une famille noble, parti évangéliser la Floride au XVI^e siècle et début du XVII^e siècle.

Sommaire

1 Biographie
2 Une lettre
3 Oeuvres
4 Sources
5 Liens externes
6 Lien connexe
7 Bibliographie
8 Autres ressources
9 Notes et références

[modifier] Biographie

Missionnaire, probablement né à Auñon (Guadalajara) dans le Diocèse de Tolède en Espagne,^[1], mort à Mexico au Mexique , le 25 Janvier 1628. Il serait originaire du Couvent de Valladolid. Il aurait été un novice puis un religieux exemplaire, ne sortant jamais, aimant sa petite cellule, la prière au choeur à l'aube, vers Matines, faire sonner les cloches, rendre grâces à Dieu, parangon de vertu, édifiant sa communauté.^[2]. Il a été envoyé en Floride avec onze autres Franciscains, désignés par le Conseil Royal des Indes, avec le P Juan Silva et est arrivé à San Agustin (Saint Augustin) en 1593 ou au début de 1594. Une partie des frères est envoyée dans la province de Guale pacifier les indiens, mais lui devint missionnaire auprès des Timucana. Il travailla en tant que missionnaire parmi les indigènes de la péninsule, notamment à la Mission San Juan di Puerto, sur la côte, puis est devenu gardien du monastère de l' Immaculée Conception, à San Agustin. Ensuite ce fut San Pedro de Mocama (Cumberland Islands). Lorsque cinq missionnaires sont tués, en 1597, il décide de fonder des chapelles et de missions en Floride et en Géorgie. En 1602, il est toujours missionnaire, célèbre les fêtes, enseigne les chants religieux, les prières, catéchise, fonde des confréries aimées des indiens. Il est également nommé custode avant 1613, lorsque la Floride fut élevée au rang de province par Rome, sous la patronage de Sainte-Hélène, vers 1609 : il fonda le couvent (custodia) franciscain de Sainte-Hélène au nord de San Agustin. Par la suite, il rejoint le province la Province de l' Evangile au Mexique. Le Père Pareja est connu pour avoir publié les premiers livres dans la langue indienne de la tribu Timucuana des Etats-Unis. Le Vocabulaire est perdu, ainsi que d'autres oeuvres sans doute. Il composa aussi des Traités de Dévotion, et de Doctrine chrétienne, sur le Rosaire, les peines de l'enfer, du purgatoire, et le paradis....

[modifier] Une lettre

Elle fut adressée à Philippe II roi d'Espagne, par Pareja ^[3] conservé dans les Archives des Indes à Séville et datée de 1607 , ^[4]

[modifier] Oeuvres

Lengua castellana Catecismo en y timuquana (Mexique, 1612)

Cathecismo en lengua castellana y timucuana, en el qual se contienne todo lo que se les puede enseñar a los adultos que han de ser baptizados (México: 1612).

Cathecismo y breve exposición de la doctrina cristiana, muy útil y necesaria así para los españoles como para los naturales, en lengua castellana y timicuana, en modo de preguntas y respuestas (México: 1617)

Confesionario en lengua castellana y timuquana, con algunos consejos para animar al penitente. Y assí mismo van declarados algunos efectos y prerrogativas deste sancto sacramento de la confessíon. Todo muy útil y provechoso, assí para que los padres confessores sepan instruir al penitente como para que ellos aprendan a saberse confessar (México, 1613)

Gramatica de la lengua timuquana de Floride (Mexique, 1614);

Catecismo y examen para los que comulgan en lengua castellana y timucuana (México, 1614)

Catecismo en lengua timucuana y castellana, en la qual se instruyen y catequizan los adultos infieles que hande ser cristianos. Y no será menos útil para los ya cristianos (México, Juan Ruiz, 1627).

Les catéchismes de Pareja sont conservés à la British Libray et Library of Congress. Sur Archives.com : Bibliothèque linguistique Américaine, originally Coleccion lingüística Americana or Collection linguistique Américaine (1871) volume 5 : avec une introduction et notice biographique. Arte y promunciación en lengua timvquana y castellana (México: Juan de Ruiz, 1614)

[modifier] Sources

Engelhardt, Z. (1911). Francisco Pareja. In The Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. . APA citations Engelhardt, Z. (1911) Francisco Pareja dans la Catholic Encyclopedia de New York:... Robert Appleton Société. Retrieved November 16, 2011 from New Advent: http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11478b.htm

Franciscans Authors http://users.bart.nl/~roestb/franciscan/

Spanish-americans: Lives and Faces de David Arias (page 75).

[modifier] Liens externes

[modifier] Lien connexe

Floride

[modifier] Bibliographie

Francisco Pareja's 1613 Confessionario: A documentary source for Timucuan ethnography, Jerald T. Milanich, William C. Sturtevant, Francisco Pareja Florida Division of Archives, History, and Records Management, 1972 - 121 pages

Jéronimo de Oré, Relación histórica de la Florida, escrita en el siglo XVII (Madrid, 1931) I, 89;

Manuel Castro y Castro, ‘Lenguas indigenas americanas transmitidas por los franciscanos del siglo xvi’, in: Actas del II Congreso Internacional sobre Los Franciscanos en el Nuevo Mundo (siglo XVI), La Rábida,21-26 de septiembre de 1987 (Madrid,1988), 489-490.

A. Vatenncurt, Menologio franciscano,

[modifier] Autres ressources

**Francisco de Pareja**
Vidéo : Library of Congress	Francisco de Pareja (d. 1628) Exposition virtuelle de la Library of Congress	Thèse, Université de Floride
Francisco Pareja: Missionary and Linguist in Spanish Colonial Florida - Speaker, Lisa Noetzel	Exploring the Early Americas Catecismo en Lengua Timuquana y Castellana (Catechism in the Timucuan and Spanish languages). Mexico: Juan Ruiz, 1627. Jay I. Kislak Collection, Rare Book and Special Collections Division, Library of Congress (104.00.03)	"Truth in yourself" Francisco Pareja and the franciscans in Florida, 1595-1712; AW. VOGT
	Exploring the Early Americas
	Exploring the Early Americas

[modifier] Notes et références

↑ Ou à Mexico selon Agustín de Vetancurt, Menologio franciscano
↑ Agustín de Vetancurt, Menologio franciscano
↑ en voici le texte en anglais . <ref>Source :Cyclopaedia of American literature </li> <li id="cite_note-3">[[#cite_ref-3|↑]] <small>«As ''custodian'' of the minor friars in the provinces of Florida, and as superior of the convent of San Juan del Puerto, on the Saint John's River, near its mouth, and by Father Alonzo de Peñaranda, preacher, and superior of the convent of Saint Augustine, that was written on the occasion of a part of the military force being withdrawn from that place, to economize the means of the exchequer. It is in response to an inquiry made to their experience of fourteen years on that soil, regarding the religious state of the natives, and to ascertain, through the teachers, the disposition of the converted Indians to be removed to Española, where they could be provided with lands in places of safety, with conveniences suited to their condition. The facts elicited are valuable to the history of the early missions. They state that within the last twelve months there were Christianized in the province of Potano more than a thousand adults, who, with the others converted and the Spaniards, give mutual protection to each other against the wild Indians. As to the removal, they say it is impossible; that their number is six thousand, who have not yet been reduced to living in towns, and that in returning from visiting their territories, they bring with them their heathen friends to hear the Gospel preached. Encouraged by these examples of improved living, the friars in the province of Potano report that within a month the people of Apalache, the region next to that lying between the Apalachicola River and the Ausili, a country of grain, having one hundred and seven towns, were asking for instruction. They scorn that pusillanimous spirit, whether of layman or priest, that hesitates to go forward in the great work of conversion, at once loyal for the security it affords to His Majesty's dominions from enemies by land and sea, and holy for the advancement of Christian faith. Looking to God for his ample support to this band of the Church, they exhort the King to strengthen the defences of the country with men, and to send other religious teachers, that they may go into the many parts of the land where their services are desired.</small></li></ol></ref>

[0] Ou à Mexico selon Agustín de Vetancurt, Menologio franciscano

[1] Agustín de Vetancurt, Menologio franciscano

[2] voici le texte en anglais . <ref>Source :Cyclopaedia of American literature </li> <li id="cite_note-3">[[#cite_ref-3|↑]] <small>«As ''custodian'' of the minor friars in the provinces of Florida, and as superior of the convent of San Juan del Puerto, on the Saint John's River, near its mouth, and by Father Alonzo de Peñaranda, preacher, and superior of the convent of Saint Augustine, that was written on the occasion of a part of the military force being withdrawn from that place, to economize the means of the exchequer. It is in response to an inquiry made to their experience of fourteen years on that soil, regarding the religious state of the natives, and to ascertain, through the teachers, the disposition of the converted Indians to be removed to Española, where they could be provided with lands in places of safety, with conveniences suited to their condition. The facts elicited are valuable to the history of the early missions. They state that within the last twelve months there were Christianized in the province of Potano more than a thousand adults, who, with the others converted and the Spaniards, give mutual protection to each other against the wild Indians. As to the removal, they say it is impossible; that their number is six thousand, who have not yet been reduced to living in towns, and that in returning from visiting their territories, they bring with them their heathen friends to hear the Gospel preached. Encouraged by these examples of improved living, the friars in the province of Potano report that within a month the people of Apalache, the region next to that lying between the Apalachicola River and the Ausili, a country of grain, having one hundred and seven towns, were asking for instruction. They scorn that pusillanimous spirit, whether of layman or priest, that hesitates to go forward in the great work of conversion, at once loyal for the security it affords to His Majesty's dominions from enemies by land and sea, and holy for the advancement of Christian faith. Looking to God for his ample support to this band of the Church, they exhort the King to strengthen the defences of the country with men, and to send other religious teachers, that they may go into the many parts of the land where their services are desired.</small></li></ol></ref>

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